• Perfekte Zeiten (Perfect Tenses)
    Present Perfect (Präsens Perfekt)Erklärung: Wird für Handlungen verwendet, die zu einem nicht näher bestimmten Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit stattgefunden haben oder in der Vergangenheit begonnen haben und bis in die Gegenwart andauern. Der Fokus liegt oft auf dem Ergebnis oder der Auswirkung der Handlung.
    Form: Subjekt + has/have + past participle
    Beispiele:
    • She has completed her training.
    • They have moved to a new house.
    • I have read that book before.
    • We have seen that movie already.
    • He has broken his leg.

    Past Perfect (Vergangenheit Perfekt)Erklärung: Wird für Handlungen verwendet, die vor einer anderen Handlung oder einem Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit abgeschlossen waren. Es hilft, die Reihenfolge von vergangenen Ereignissen zu verdeutlichen.
    Form: Subjekt + had + past participle
    Beispiele:
    • She had finished her work before the meeting started.
    • By the time we arrived, they had already left.
    • He had just left when the phone rang.
    • I had never been to Paris before my trip last year.
    • We had eaten dinner before they arrived.

    Future Perfect (Futur Perfekt)Erklärung: Wird für Handlungen verwendet, die vor einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt in der Zukunft abgeschlossen sein werden. Der Fokus liegt auf dem Abschluss der Handlung bis zu einem zukünftigen Zeitpunkt.
    Form: Subjekt + will have + past participle
    Beispiele:
    • By next month, she will have finished the project.
    • They will have completed their studies by the time they graduate.
    • I will have written the report by Friday.
    • He will have saved enough money for the car by the end of the year.
    • We will have visited all the museums by the end of our trip.

    Progressive Perfekte Zeiten (Progressive Perfect Tenses)Present Perfect Progressive (Präsens Perfekt Progressiv)Erklärung: Wird für Handlungen verwendet, die in der Vergangenheit begonnen haben und noch andauern oder kürzlich aufgehört haben. Der Fokus liegt auf der Dauer oder der kontinuierlichen Natur der Aktivität.
    Form: Subjekt + has/have been + present participle (Verb + ing)
    Beispiele:
    • She has been writing her novel for six months.
    • They have been training for the marathon all year.
    • I have been reading the same book for weeks.
    • He has been trying to fix the car since this morning.
    • We have been discussing the proposal for hours.

    Past Perfect Progressive (Vergangenheit Perfekt Progressiv)Erklärung: Wird für Handlungen verwendet, die bis zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit andauerten. Der Fokus liegt auf der Dauer der Aktivität vor einem anderen Ereignis in der Vergangenheit.
    Form: Subjekt + had been + present participle (Verb + ing)
    Beispiele:
    • She had been cooking dinner when the guests arrived.
    • They had been living in London before they moved to Berlin.
    • I had been studying for the exam for weeks before I finally took it.
    • He had been working on the project for months when it was completed.
    • We had been waiting for the train for an hour when it finally arrived.

    Future Perfect Progressive (Futur Perfekt Progressiv)Erklärung: Wird für Handlungen verwendet, die bis zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt in der Zukunft andauern werden. Der Fokus liegt auf der Dauer der Aktivität bis zu einem zukünftigen Ereignis oder Zeitpunkt.
    Form: Subjekt + will have been + present participle (Verb + ing)
    Beispiele:
    • By the end of the year, I will have been working here for ten years.
    • They will have been traveling for 24 hours by the time they reach their destination.
    • She will have been studying for her degree for four years by the time she graduates.
    • We will have been waiting for you for two hours when you finally get here.
    • He will have been working on the renovations for six months by the time the house is finished.
English Exercise: Present and Past Actions

1. They ______ when the phone rang.
a) were studying
b) studied
c) are studying
d) have been studying
e) studying
f) had been studying

2. She ______ when the accident happened.
a) was driving
b) drove
c) is driving
d) has been driving
e) driving
f) had been driving

3. They ______ lunch at noon every day.
a) eat
b) ate
c) are eating
d) have eaten
e) eating
f) have been eating

4. She ______ coffee in the mornings.
a) drinks
b) drank
c) is drinking
d) has drunk
e) drink
f) has been drinking

5. He still ______ English to high school students.
a) teaches
b) taught
c) is teaching
d) has taught
e) teaching
f) has been teaching

6. They ______ movies at the weekends. Now they go out to the theatre.
a) watch
b) watched
c) are watching
d) have watched
e) watching
f) have been watching

7. She ______ her homework right now.
a) is doing
b) does
c) was doing
d) has been doing
e) doing
f) had been doing

8. She ______ in this company for ten years and she still enjoys it.
a) works
b) worked
c) is working
d) has worked
e) working
f) has been working

9. They ______ to Hawaii last summer.
a) travel
b) traveled
c) are traveling
d) have traveled
e) traveling
f) have been traveling

10. She ______ since this morning.
a) studies
b) studied
c) is studying
d) has been studying
e) studying
f) has studied

11. She is very busy and ______ ballet twice a week.
a) dances
b) danced
c) is dancing
d) has danced
e) dancing
f) has been dancing

12. He is fit and ______ soccer every Saturday.
a) plays
b) played
c) is playing
d) has played
e) play
f) has been playing

13. They ______ their vacation plans yet.
a) don't finalize
b) didn't finalize
c) aren't finalizing
d) haven't finalized
e) not finalizing
f) haven't been finalizing

14. He ______ his breakfast yet.
a) doesn't eat
b) didn't eat
c) isn't eating
d) hasn't eaten
e) not eating
f) hasn't been eating

15. She ______ to the gym twice this week.
a) goes
b) went
c) is going
d) has been
e) going
f) has gone

16. She ______ the piano since she was a child.
a) plays
b) played
c) is playing
d) has played
e) play
f) has been playing

17. They ______ to the park every Sunday.
a) go
b) went
c) are going
d) have gone
e) going
f) have been going

18. He ______ his homework now.
a) does
b) did
c) is doing
d) has done
e) doing
f) has been doing

19. They ______ when the phone rang.
a) were studying
b) studied
c) are studying
d) have been studying
e) studying
f) had been studying

20. They ______ to Spain last summer.
a) travel
b) traveled
c) are traveling
d) have traveled
e) traveling
f) have been traveling

21. He ______ in the garden right now.
a) works
b) worked
c) is working
d) has worked
e) working
f) has been working

22. She ______ French for three years. Soon she will be finished.
a) studies
b) studied
c) is studying
d) has studied
e) studying
f) has been studying

23. They ______ hard since early this morning.
a) work
b) worked
c) are working
d) have been working
e) working
f) have worked

24. She ______ when the lights went out.
a) was reading
b) read
c) is reading
d) has been reading
e) reading
f) had been reading

25. They ______ dinner at this restaurant many times and still enjoy going there.
a) have
b) had
c) are having
d) have had
e) having
f) have been having

26. She ______ his hair last week.
a) cuts
b) cut
c) is cutting
d) has cut
e) cutting
f) has been cutting

27. He ______ for this company since 2010.
a) works
b) worked
c) is working
d) has worked
e) working
f) has been working

28. He ______ when the phone rang.
a) was sleeping
b) slept
c) is sleeping
d) has been sleeping
e) sleeping
f) had been sleeping

29. She ______ her friend this afternoon. I hope she gets there ok.
a) is visiting
b) visits
c) was visiting
d) has been visiting
e) visiting
f) had been visiting

30. He ______ his car yesterday.
a) washes
b) washed
c) is washing
d) has washed
e) washing
f) has been washing

31. They ______ the news every morning.
a) watch
b) watches
c) are watching
d) have watched
e) watching
f) have been watching

32. She ______ her homework right now.
a) does
b) did
c) is doing
d) has done
e) doing
f) has been doing

33. He ______ English lessons for two years.
a) takes
b) took
c) is taking
d) has been taking
e) taking
f) has taken

34. They ______ on this project since last month.
a) work
b) worked
c) are working
d) have been working
e) working
f) have worked

35. Today, as every day, she ______ her breakfast by 8 AM.
a) finishes
b) finished
c) is finishing
d) has finished
e) finishing
f) has been finishing

36. They ______ their homework yet.
a) don't finish
b) didn't finish
c) aren't finishing
d) haven't finished
e) not finishing
f) haven't been finishing

37. He ______ the house while I was away.
a) cleans
b) cleaned
c) is cleaning
d) has cleaned
e) cleaning
f) has been cleaning

38. They ______ when the rain started.
a) were playing
b) played
c) are playing
d) have been playing
e) playing
f) had been playing

39. They ______ the same car for ten years. It’s so reliable.
a) have
b) had
c) are having
d) have had
e) having
f) have been having

40. He ______ his novel for years.
a) writes
b) wrote
c) is writing
d) has written
e) writing
f) has been writing

37. They ______ at the park since morning.
a) play
b) played
c) are playing
d) have been playing
e) playing
f) have played

38. She ______ this movie before.
a) sees
b) saw
c) is seeing
d) has seen
e) seeing
f) has been seeing

39. He ______ in this city for a year.
a) lives
b) lived
c) is living
d) has lived
e) living
f) has been living

40. They ______ the congress 3 times already.
a) attend
b) attended
c) are attending
d) have attended
e) attending
f) have been attending