All English Tenses Explained[Alle englischen Zeiten erklärt]
English has 12 main tenses.[Das Englische hat 12 Hauptzeiten.]
They are built from three time periods: present, past, and future.[Sie basieren auf drei Zeitformen: Gegenwart, Vergangenheit und Zukunft.]
Each time period has four aspects: simple, continuous, perfect, and perfect continuous.[Jede Zeit hat vier Aspekte: einfach, Verlaufsform, Perfekt und Perfekt-Verlaufsform.]
1. Present Simple[Präsens]
Subject + base verb[Subjekt + Grundform]
- habits and routines[Gewohnheiten und Routinen]
- facts and general truths[Fakten und allgemeine Wahrheiten]
She works every day.
[Sie arbeitet jeden Tag.]
2. Present Continuous[Verlaufsform Gegenwart]
am / is / are + verb-ing[am / is / are + Verb + -ing]
- actions happening now[Handlungen, die gerade passieren]
- temporary situations[vorübergehende Situationen]
I am working now.
[Ich arbeite gerade.]
3. Present Perfect[Perfekt]
have / has + past participle[have / has + Partizip II]
- past actions with a result now[Vergangenheit mit Bezug zur Gegenwart]
She has finished the report.
[Sie hat den Bericht fertiggestellt.]
4. Present Perfect Continuous[Perfekt Verlaufsform]
have / has been + verb-ing[have / has been + Verb + -ing]
- actions continuing until now[Handlungen, die bis jetzt andauern]
She has been working all day.
[Sie arbeitet schon den ganzen Tag.]
5. Past Simple[Vergangenheit]
verb + ed / irregular form[Verb + -ed / unregelmäßig]
- finished past actions[abgeschlossene Handlungen]
We visited Berlin.
[Wir haben Berlin besucht.]
6. Past Continuous[Vergangenheit Verlaufsform]
was / were + verb-ing[was / were + Verb + -ing]
- action in progress in the past[Handlung im Verlauf in der Vergangenheit]
I was working at 5 p.m.
[Ich arbeitete um 17 Uhr.]
7. Past Perfect[Plusquamperfekt]
had + past participle[had + Partizip II]
- action before another past action[Handlung vor einer anderen Vergangenheit]
She had left before I arrived.
[Sie war gegangen, bevor ich ankam.]
8. Past Perfect Continuous[Plusquamperfekt Verlaufsform]
had been + verb-ing[had been + Verb + -ing]
- duration before a past moment[Dauer vor einem Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit]
He had been working for hours.
[Er hatte stundenlang gearbeitet.]
9. Future Simple[Zukunft mit will]
will + base verb[will + Grundform]
- predictions and decisions[Vorhersagen und Entscheidungen]
I will call you.
[Ich werde dich anrufen.]
10. Future Continuous[Zukunft Verlaufsform]
will be + verb-ing[will be + Verb + -ing]
- action in progress in the future[Handlung im Verlauf in der Zukunft]
I will be working at 5.
[Ich werde um 17 Uhr arbeiten.]
11. Future Perfect[Futur II]
will have + past participle[will have + Partizip II]
- completed before a future time[vor einem zukünftigen Zeitpunkt abgeschlossen]
I will have finished by tomorrow.
[Ich werde es bis morgen beendet haben.]
12. Future Perfect Continuous[Futur II Verlaufsform]
will have been + verb-ing[will have been + Verb + -ing]
- duration until a future point[Dauer bis zu einem zukünftigen Zeitpunkt]
I will have been working here for 10 years.
[Ich werde hier seit 10 Jahren gearbeitet haben.]